Supervised Learning In Scikit-Learn
Hello again!
This is part two of the Scikit-learn series, which is as follows:
- Part 1 – Introduction
- Part 2 – Supervised learning in Scikit-learn (this article)
- Part 3 – Unsupervised Learning in Scikit-learn
Recap Of Supervised Learning
So you are already familiar with Supervised learning but those who are not let’s take a quick recap.
Q. What is supervised learning?
In machine learning, it is a type of system in which both input and desired output data are provided. Input and output data are labeled for classification to provide a learning basis for future data prediction.
Now as in previous part of this series we have already seen an overview of what scikit-learn offers in terms of supervised learning but in this, we will understand how do we get started with this powerful library.
Getting Started….. with Linear Regression in Sklearn
let’s consider an example of a simple linear regression model
The mathematical aim of this model is to minimize the residual sum of squares between the observed responses in the dataset, and the results predicted by the linear approximation.
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression #import statement
clf=LinearRegression() #we created a classifier from an object named LinearRegression.
clf.fit ([[0, 0], [1, 1], [2, 2]], [0, 1, 2]) #fitting a classifier on a data
clf.coef_ # calculated the slope
As you can see there is just a small code that can get you started with this amazing algorithm. Isn’t it amazing? You can even try prediction on the testing set by using ‘.pred’ function.
For more in-depth understanding of this linear model consider trying yourself by taking an example.
An easy example can be found here :
http://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/linear_model/plot_ols.html#sphx-glr-auto-examples-linear-model-plot-ols-py
Support Vector Machines In Sklearn
Follow the code below to get started with SVMs in scikit-learn :
from sklearn import svm
X = [[0, 0], [1, 1]] # dataset
y = [0, 1]
clf = svm.SVC() # classifier is created
clf.fit(X, y) # fitting classifier on dataset
The parameters you see in the brackets can be changed according to the dataset you have been given.
Once you are comfortable writing the above-mentioned code try yourself by tweaking the parameters.
clf.predict([[1., 0.]]) # predicting values
Stochastic Gradient Descent In Sklearn
Stochastic Gradient Descent algorithm is a simple algorithm which is used in discriminative learning of linear classifiers on a large dataset and also it easily fits onto it.
Code :
from sklearn.linear_model import SGDClassifier
X = [[0., 0.], [1., 1.]]
y = [0, 1]
clf = SGDClassifier(loss="hinge", penalty="l2") #hyperparameters
clf.fit(X, y)
Naive Bayes In Sklearn
Naive Bayes classifier calculates the probabilities for every factor. Then it selects the outcome with the highest probability.
This classifier assumes the features are independent. Thus the word ‘naive’ is used.
It is one of the most common algorithms in machine learning.
Code :
from sklearn import datasets
iris = datasets.load_iris() # loading the dataset
from sklearn.naive_bayes import GaussianNB
gnb = GaussianNB()
y_pred = gnb.fit(iris.data, iris.target).predict(iris.data) #fitting and predicting on same line
Decision Tree Regression In Sklearn
Decision Trees is another type of supervised machine learning algorithm where the data is continuously split according to a certain parameter.
More the data more is the accuracy of the model.
Decision trees is one of the most used algorithms out of all supervised learning algorithms and finds huge applications in the industry.
Code :
from sklearn import tree
X = [[0, 0], [1, 1]]
Y = [0, 1]
clf = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier()
clf = clf.fit(X, Y)
clf.predict([[2., 3.]])
Ensemble Methods In SkLearn
It contains bagging methods and random forests.
Random Forests
Another powerful machine learning algorithm that produces great results even without hyper-parameter tuning.
It is also one of the most used algorithms, because of its simplicity and the fact that it can be used for both classification and regression tasks.
Code :
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
X = [[0, 0], [1, 1]]
Y = [0, 1]
clf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=10)
clf = clf.fit(X, Y)
What have we Learnt?
By now we have learned how to implement each supervised algorithm using scikit-learn.
Stil there are many features that each algorithm has in scikit-learn which can be mastered only by practicing.
So stop wasting your time and head straight onto the official documentation of scikit-learn for supervised algorithms and make sure you understand each algorithm mathematically as well as by practicing on different datasets.
Link :
http://scikit-learn.org/stable/supervised_learning.html
Note: Next part of this series is on unsupervised learning, so make sure you don’t miss that: Part 3 – Unsupervised Learning in Scikit-learn
Deepanshu Gaur
Loves to learn new technologies and this attitude keeps me going.
Fast learner.
Strong foundation in data structures & algorithms.
https://www.linkedin.com/in/deepanshu-g-37a42899
Latest posts by Deepanshu Gaur (see all)
- Scikit Learn – Part 1 – Introduction - February 20, 2019
- Scikit Learn – Part 2 – Supervised Learning - January 8, 2019
- Scikit Learn – Part 3 – Unsupervised Learning - December 8, 2018
